The global stage for artificial intelligence governance is becoming a new arena for major powers, with both China and the US viewing the technology as crucial for economic and national security interests. At a recent AI conference in Shanghai, China proposed the establishment of a World AI Cooperation Organisation aimed at promoting the safe and inclusive use of AI. The initiative positions China as a leader in AI governance, challenging the US for influence in the rapidly expanding market, projected to reach $4.8 trillion by 2033.
China is offering AI solutions particularly attractive to lower-income countries lacking the infrastructure for large-scale AI systems. This strategy echoes China’s earlier Digital Silk Road, aiming to position Chinese companies at the heart of global telecommunications networks. In response, the US is committed to maintaining its leadership in AI, with President Trump emphasizing countermeasures against Chinese influence.
As the race to develop advanced AI systems intensifies, safety concerns have sparked calls for international regulatory frameworks. China’s strategy includes supporting Global South nations in AI development, with over 30 countries, including Ethiopia, Cuba, and Bangladesh, participating in governance discussions. While the US was notably absent, countries like Indonesia have expressed appreciation for China’s initiative.
China’s focus on openness and internet sovereignty, alongside its emphasis on respecting national laws, contrasts with the US approach, which stresses unbiased AI systems. The rivalry between the two nations presents a complex choice for other countries, but some, like South Africa, advocate for integrating the strengths of both models.
