At the TaiyangNews Global PV System Technology Trends H1/2026 Conference, Senbo Yan, Senior Manager of PV Solutions at JinkoSolar, presented long-term field performance data from State Power Investment Corporation’s (SPIC) Daqing site in Heilongjiang (annual irradiance 900–1,000 W/m²) comparing TOPCon and back-contact (BC) modules. Data from projects commissioned in 2022 (phase 1) show that, between 2022 and 2025, TOPCon produced on average about 2.27% more power generation per watt than BC.
The phase 1 comparison used TOPCon modules on 182 mm wafers in a 144 half-cell configuration and BC modules on 158 mm wafers in a 156 half-cell configuration. JinkoSolar attributed the TOPCon advantage primarily to higher bifaciality in those modules: roughly 74% for TOPCon versus 64% for BC in the phase 1 data.
Yan also presented targeted tests isolating rear-side irradiance and temperature effects. Under fixed ambient temperature with increasing rear-side irradiance, TOPCon’s power generation advantage grew, exceeding 2%. Under fixed rear-side irradiance with increasing temperature, the difference reached a maximum of 4.12% at a specific temperature level reported in the tests.
TOPCon performance in 2025 phase 3 tests
Phase 3 results from the Daqing site in 2025 compared more recent TOPCon and BC modules. In that field test TOPCon bifaciality ranged between 77% and 80%, while BC modules measured 72% bifaciality. TOPCon retained an average power generation advantage of 0.75% in 2025. It is apparent that if the best TOPCon module was compared with a BC module in phase 3 testing, this gain would have been slightly higher.
